The Contributions Of The Egyptian Civilisation

The ancient Egyptian civilizations started over 5,000 years ago along the Nile River and lasted for millennia, leaving behind a legacy of impressive accomplishments. During the period of the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms, the ancient Egyptians made progress in certain fields like architecture, medicine, mathematics, and culture, this that was transferred from Egypt to other civilisations like the Romans, Greece and Persia. While the mighty empires of ancient Greece and Rome get much of the historical attention, ancient Egypt provided an early foundation for their achievements.

The ancient Egyptians were great thinkers and creators advanced to third in mathematics, devising a decimal numeral system and applying geometry for architecture and land management long before the Greeks and Romans. In medicine, Egyptian doctors described anatomical details and medical treatments in early texts like the Ebers Papyrus. Architecturally, the pyramids and ornate temples of ancient Egypt represented major feats of engineering and construction that later civilizations attempted to emulate. Egyptian culture also thrived through hieroglyphic writing, religion, jewellery., pottery, and an emphasis on hygiene and beauty.

We will explore some of the most important contributions of the ancient Egyptian civilizations across different fields. While their society declined over time, the accomplishments of ancient Egyptians built a strong cultural and intellectual foundation for many later achievements in world history. Their innovations and ideas influenced generations of people well beyond the banks of the Nile.

1. SETTLED LIFE AND GOVERNMENT;

Egypt, in Africa, was the first place where Early men styled after the discovery of agriculture. Egyptians lived in towns and cities. They were ruled by kings and Egypt expanded so much that it became an empire.

2. THE FIRST CALENDAR;

The Egyptians made the first CalendarThey knew that the seasons of the year repeat themselves after every 3365 days they divided the year into 12 months of days each and allowed five days for festivals The calendar was introduced in the year 4241B.C

3. RELIGION;

The Egyptians believed in the existence of many gods the sun God, the God of the Nile e.t.c .hey attributed to each good a mother, a father, or sister. There was almost a different God for each household.

One of their  Kings Ikhnaton, introduced the belief in one God. He taught his subject that there is only one God and that he loves everybody. He emphasized that he is the father of all Gods, and no definite form images should not be made of him.

The Egyptians believed in a future life after death and buried valuable property along with the dead .they built large Monuments e.g. The Great Pyramids in honor of their dead.

4. WRITING;

The Egyptians introduced the Art of writing. Their writing was very simple and consisted of simple pictures like those of Indiansin present-day Alaska.

It was called Hieroglyphics. They used pens made of reed from the bank of the Nile and paper called papyrus. They wrote in ink.  the user wrwritesut Government Orders, and record the activities of the king, and tand and there arere eslessourt judgements and kekeepsrading accounts.

5. METALS;

The Egyptians Discovered the use of corners about 400BB. They usedusedusedusedusedtin to make harder metal called bronze. They used them for making Better tools 

6. ARCHITECTURE;

The Egyptians introduced the art of building. They built the great pyramids which are among the seven wonders of the ancient world. Some of these pyramids took about 2 million blocks each weighing about 2aandalf tons. Some reached the height of 500ft, Some of these pyramids can be seen in Egypt today

7.  TRADE AND NAVIGATION;

The Egyptians were very great traders.  They started with Somaliland, Crete Phoenicia and Syria. They used metal blocks as coins and built the first sea-going, for their voyages to these places.

8.FARMING

The Egyptians invented the Plough and also the art of irrigation. Their most ancient method of irrigation, The Shadoof, is still in use in many parts of Egypt today.

9. ARTS AND CULTURE;

They made paintings on the walls of tombs, illustrating everyday life in ancient Egypt. They also made cravings for both wood and metals. The Egyptians were skilled in glasswork and pottery. They invented the potters wheel which is used for putting clay into a variety of shapes.

10. LEARNING;

The Egyptians made considerable advances in the field of machines. They discovered the use of Castor oil.They rounded the study of Geometry. The Theorems of Euclid, an Egyptian, are still studied today. Their ability to construct the first Calendar Shows that their knowledge of astronomy was quite advanced 

Other countries like Persia, Babylon, Greece, Macedon and Rome rose to power. They attacked and conquered the Egyptians, reducing their power and creativity. In 33 B.C. Alexander the Great conquered the last pharaoh of Egypt, and they were ruled by other countries after this.